Smoking Cessation Management in Adults: A Review of Current Approaches and Future Directions
Smoking is a major public health issue, responsible for an estimated 6 million deaths worldwide each year (WHO, 2021). Despite the well-known health risks of smoking, many individuals continue to smoke, and smoking cessation remains a top public health priority. In this review, we provide an overview of current approaches to smoking cessation management in adults, including pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and the use of mobile health technologies. We also discuss future directions for smoking cessation management, including the potential use of personalized medicine, the integration of digital health tools, and the incorporation of social determinants of health into smoking cessation interventions. Pharmacotherapy: The use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation is well-established, and several classes of medications have been approved by regulatory agencies for this indication. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), such as nicotine gum or patches, is a commonly used form of...