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Smoking is a major public health issue, responsible for an estimated 6 million deaths worldwide each year (WHO, 2021). Despite the well-known health risks of smoking, many individuals continue to smoke, and smoking cessation remains a top public health priority. In this review, we provide an overview of current approaches to smoking cessation management in adults, including pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and the use of mobile health technologies. We also discuss future directions for smoking cessation management, including the potential use of personalized medicine, the integration of digital health tools, and the incorporation of social determinants of health into smoking cessation interventions. Pharmacotherapy: The use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation is well-established, and several classes of medications have been approved by regulatory agencies for this indication. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), such as nicotine gum or patches, is a commonly used form of...

Smoking is a habit that has negative health effects on both males and females. However, the specific ways in which smoking impacts the two sexes differ in some important ways. For example, women may be more susceptible to the negative cardiovascular effects of smoking, while men may be more vulnerable to the carcinogens in tobacco smoke. Additionally, smoking during pregnancy can have particularly negative effects on the health of the developing fetus. Understanding these sex-specific differences in smoking effects is important for developing effective tobacco control policies and interventions. In this article, we will explore in more detail the differences in smoking effects between males and females, including impacts on cardiovascular disease, reproductive health, lung cancer, and bone health. While smoking has negative health effects on both males and females, there are some differences in the specific ways that smoking impacts the two sexes. Cardiovascular disease: While both ma...

Osteoporosis: What You Need to Know Osteoporosis is a condition that affects the bones, making them weaker and more susceptible to fractures. It is a common problem, especially among older women, but it can affect anyone. In this article, we will discuss what osteoporosis is, what causes it, and how it can be treated and prevented. What is Osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and fragile, making them more likely to break. It occurs when the body loses too much bone mass, makes too little bone, or both. Osteoporosis can affect any bone in the body, but the most common sites of fractures are the hip, spine, and wrist. What Causes Osteoporosis? Osteoporosis is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors. Some of the most common risk factors for osteoporosis include: Age: The risk of osteoporosis increases as you get older. Gender: Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis than men. Family history: If your parents or siblings hav...